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R. Todd Niemeier, Ph.D., CIH

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R. Todd Niemeier, Ph.D., CIH
Senior Consultant

R. Todd Niemeier, Ph.D., CIH

Senior Consultant (856) 399-5753 Cincinnati, OH tniemeier@integral-corp.com

Dr. Todd Niemeier is a senior consultant and certified industrial hygienist with more than 20 years of experience in chemical risk assessment and management, exposure evaluation, and global product stewardship, in both the federal government and the private sector. His former role was Chief of the Risk Evaluation Branch at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). He has led several projects managing multidisciplinary teams of scientists to develop authoritative health and safety recommendations, risk assessments, and hazard reviews and has extensive experience in managing high-profile public health initiatives, including leadership roles in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) COVID-19 response and development of NIOSH authoritative documents. He has published and contributed to more than 90 peer-reviewed articles and government technical reports and delivered more than 50 professional presentations, both nationally and internationally. He is also a member candidate of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) committee.

Risk Assessment Documents, Toxicity Summaries, and Screening Assessments

Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health Document Development, United States Led a team of health scientists to develop new and revised NIOSH immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) values using quantitative risk assessment methodologies. These values characterize high-risk exposure concentrations and conditions to 1) ensure that workers can escape from a contaminated environment in the event of failure of respiratory protection and 2) indicate a maximum level above which only a highly reliable breathing apparatus is permitted. Authored six IDLH values since 2020 with several more in production.
Final Criteria for a Recommeded Standard: Diacetyl and 2,3-Pentanedione, Worldwide Key participant on the development and finalization of the document including lead authorship of Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) classification for these flavoring chemicals.
Draft Hazard Review: Wildland Fire Smoke Exposure among Farmworkers and Other Outdoor Workers, United States Led the overall project team of more than 80 NIOSH employees to develop a comprehensive draft document to provide guidance on health effects, exposure assessment methods, and recommendations to protect outdoor workers from wildland fire smoke exposure.
Working Draft Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Inorganic Lead, United States Led the team to develop the hazard review section of occupational exposures to inorganic lead for the update of the NIOSH criteria document as well as the team responsible to develop a relationship between airborne lead exposures and blood lead exposures.
Working Draft Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Manganese, United States Participated in the development of a draft criteria document for occupational exposure to manganese. This included overall strategic direction and review of the document including the hazard review and development of a proposed recommended exposure limit.

Emergency Response

U.S. National Response Team, Chemical Working Group, United States Authored several National Response Team Quick Reference guides as part of a committee. Primary focus was on occupational exposure issues related to chemical weapon agents.
Worker Safety and Health Team Lead, CDC COVID-19 Response, United States Led team of more than 100 scientists, engineers, health communicators, and other staff assigned to the worker safety and health team, to develop high-profile, technical, science-related guidance and recommendations for workplaces for the COVID-19 pandemic. Communicated high-profile, technical science briefs with leadership-level staff at multiple federal agencies including CDC, the White House, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and National Institutes of Health.
Worker Safety and Health Team Lead, CDC Hurricane Ida Response, United States Led team of three NIOSH personnel to develop and disseminate worker safety and health guidance for the hurricane response. Responsible for preparing and presenting task force information at the incident command biweekly meetings. Coordinated with state health departments’ contacts to provide hurricane-related information for workers.

Metals Toxicology and Assessment

Dermal Penetration Potential of Inorganic Lead, United States Dissertation project (2015-2022) examining the potential for inorganic lead to penetrate though human skin with a focus on occupational settings. This work included a published scoping review on the topic as well as experimental data collection using Franz cells with human cadaver skin and a dissolution assay using synthetic sweat. Data collected were used to build a screening model to estimate the potential for the impact on blood lead levels.

Industrial Hygiene and Exposure Science

NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE) Project Officer, United States Evaluated complex, high hazard workplaces with responsibility for difficult and sensitive studies. Completed approximately 50 HHEs to assess physical, chemical, biological, and safety hazards, specializing in zoonotic diseases, tuberculosis, biosolids, and indoor environmental quality.
Industrial Hygiene Project Officer, United States Conducted numerous field studies throughout the United States including exposure monitoring for a broad spectrum of chemicals, personal dosimetry and sound level meter noise sampling, indoor environmental quality, electromagnetic frequency surveys, and qualitative analysis of workplace hazards. Developed a global, laboratory chemical hygiene plan for a Fortune 500 company and developed sample plans for corporate and site environmental health and safety teams worldwide.

Biomonitoring

ACGIH BEI Committee, United States Serve as a member candidate of the ACGIH BEI committee. This work includes evaluating scientific literature related to biomonitoring data to derive new and revised biomonitoring recommendations for occupational settings.

Product Stewardship

EU REACH Toxicology Summaries, Worldwide Served as a project manager to manage a large multisite team (>50 people) to research primary literature and develop summaries of toxicological data for human health and environmental endpoints for European Union (EU) Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals in Europe (REACH) regulation.
Safety Data Sheet Preparation and Review, United States Authored and peer-reviewed numerous (>50) material safety data sheets and EU safety data sheets for multiple clients.
General Product Stewardship Activities, Worldwide Wrote occupational exposure scenarios for EPA Pre-Manufacturing Notices and interpreted regulations and standards for the United States (OSHA and EPA), Europe (REACH Regulation), and the GHS.

Niemeier, R. 2024. Dissolution of inorganic lead compounds in synthetic sweat to assess workplace risk of dermal exposure. Annals of Work Exposures and Health 68(Supplement 1). https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxae035.020.

Berrington de Gonzalez, A., S.A. Masten, P. Bhatti, …R.T. Niemeier, et al. 2024. Advisory Group recommendations on priorities for the IARC Monographs. Lancet Oncol. 25(5):546–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(24)00208-0.

Bjork, A., R.A. Stoddard, A.D. Anderson, M.A. de Perio, R.T. Niemeier, J.A. Self, K.A. Fitzpatrick, G.J. Kersh, and J.D. Gibbins. 2024. Seroprevalence of Coxiella, Brucella, and Leptospira among marine mammal rescue and rehabilitation workers in California. Public Health Chall. 3:e132.  https://doi.org/10.1002/puh2.132.

Niemeier, R.T., N. Hudson, A. Stefaniak, A. Maier, and J.F. Reichard. 2023. Dissolution of inorganic lead (Pb) compounds in synthetic sweat to assess risk of dermal exposures. Toxicologist 192(S1):441.

Niemeier, R.T. 2022. Examination of factors associated with the dermal penetration and absorption of inorganic lead (Pb) compounds for occupational risk assessment. Dissertation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. Accession number: ucin1649771501283059. https://etdadmin.ohiolink.edu/.

Niemeier, R.T., A. Maier, and J.F. Reichard. 2022. Rapid review of dermal penetration and absorption of inorganic lead compounds for occupational risk assessment. Annals of Work Exposure and Health 66(3): 291–311. https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxab097.

Fox, M., R.T. Niemeier, N. Hudson, M. Siegel, and G.S. Dotson. 2021. Cumulative risks from stressor exposures and personal risk factors in the workplace: Examples from a scoping review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 18:5850.  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115850.

Whittaker, C., and R.T. Niemeier. 2020. Interpreting occupational exposure limits: an analysis of NIOSH recommended exposure limits by health endpoint. Toxicologist 174(1):130.

Frank, E., R.T. Niemeier, and C. Whittaker. 2020. Evolving the use of respiratory irritation as a health endpoint in occupational risk assessments. Toxicologist 174(1):298.

Niemeier, R.T., P.R.D. Williams, A. Rossner, J.E. Clougherty, and G. Rice. 2020. A cumulative risk perspective for occupational health and safety (OHS) professionals. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17:1–19.

Yorio, P., E. Fisher, F. Kilinc-Balci, J. Harney, M. Seaton, M. Dahm, and T. Niemeier. 2020. Planning for epidemics and pandemics: Assessing the potential impact of extended use and reuse strategies on respirator usage rates to support supply-and-demand planning efforts. J. Int. Soc. Respirator Protection 37(1):52–60.

De Perio, M.A., R.T. Niemeier, and G.A. Burr. 2015. Coccidioides exposures and coccidioidomycosis among employees at two California prisons. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 21(6):1031–3.

Jackson, D., K. Mailer, R.T. Niemeier, D. Fearey, L. Pope, L.A. Lambert, K. Mitruka, and M.A. de Perio. 2014. Challenges in assessing TB transmission in long term care facilities. Am. J. Infect. Control 43(9):992–6.

De Perio, M.A., and R.T. Niemeier. 2014. Evaluation of exposure to tuberculosis among employees at a medical center. J. Occ. Env. Hyg. 11(6):D63–D68.

De Perio, M.A., R.T. Niemeier, S. Levine, K. Gruszynski, and J.D. Gibbins. 2013. Campylobacter infection among employees at a poultry processing plant, Virginia, USA, 2008–2011. Emerg. Infect. 19(2):286–288.

De Perio, M.A., R.T. Niemeier, and M.T. Niemeier. 2013. TB exposures among Immigration employees. American Jails. March/April:24–28.

De Perio, M.A., R.T. Niemeier, and M.R. Groenewold. 2011. The effectiveness of using interferon-gamma release assays in screening immigration employees for latent tuberculosis infection. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health 17(4):322–327.

Quinlan, J.G., B.L. Wong, R.T. Niemeier, A.S. McCullough, L. Levin, and M. Emmanuelle. 2006. Poloxamer 188 failed to prevent exercise induced membrane breakdown in mdx skeletal muscle fibers. Neuromuscul. Disord. 16:855–864.

Niemeier, R.T., S.K. Sivasubramani, T. Reponen, and S.A. Grinshpun. 2006. Assessment of fungal contamination in moldy homes: a comparison of different methods. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 3:262–273.

Sivasubramani, S.K., R.T. Niemeier, T. Reponen, and S.A. Grinshpun. 2005. Fungal spore source tester: laboratory evaluation of a new concept. Sci. Total Environ. 329:75–86.

Sivasubramani, S.K., R.T. Niemeier, T. Reponen, and S.A. Grinshpun. 2005. Assessment of the aerosolization potential for fungal spores in moldy homes. Indoor Air 14:405–412.

DelBello, M.P., C.A. Soutullo, W. Wigh, R.T. Niemeier, S.L. McElroy, and S.M. Strakowski. 2001. Prior stimulant treatment in adolescents with bipolar illness: association with age of onset. Bipolar Disord. 3(2):53–57.

Niemeier, R.T., L. Chen, and S. Hughes. 2024. Overview of the Draft NIOSH Hazard Review: Wildland fire smoke exposure among farmworkers and other outdoor workers. Society of Risk Analysis Annual Conference, Austin, TX. December 9.

Niemeier, R.T., L. Chen, and S. Hughes. 2024. Overview of the Draft NIOSH Hazard Review: Wildland fire smoke exposure among farmworkers and other outdoor workers. National Toxicology Program Executive Committee Meeting. Virtual. December 12.

Niemeier, R.T., L. Chen, and S. Hughes. 2024. Overview of the Draft NIOSH Hazard Review: Wildland fire smoke exposure among farmworkers and other outdoor workers. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Public Meeting. Virtual. December 3.

Niemeier, R.T., L. Chen, and S. Hughes. 2024. Overview of the Draft NIOSH Hazard Review: Wildland fire smoke exposure among farmworkers and other outdoor workers. National Advisory Council on Migrant Health Meeting. Virtual. October 22.

Niemeier, R.T., L. Chen, and S. Hughes. 2024. Overview of the Draft NIOSH Hazard Review: Wildland fire smoke exposure among farmworkers and other outdoor workers. Secretary’s Initiative on Protecting Farmworkers from Extreme Heat and Wildfire Smoke. Virtual. September 19.

Niemeier, R.T. 2024. Dissolution of inorganic lead compounds in synthetic sweat to assess workplace risk of dermal exposure. International Occupational Hygiene Association Conference, Dublin, Ireland. June 13.

Niemeier, R.T. 2023. Guest lecture on occupational safety and health. Environmental and Biological Determinants of Health (online course). College for Public Health and Social Justice, St. Louis University. Virtual. December 5.

Niemeier, R.T. 2023. Mixed exposures in the workplace. National Toxicology Program- Presentation to the Assistant Secretary of Health. Virtual. October 31.

Niemeier, R.T. 2023. Dissolution of inorganic lead compounds in synthetic sweat to assess risk of dermal exposure. Battery Council International, Environmental Health and Safety conference. Nashville, TN. September 21.

Niemeier, R.T. 2023. Dissolution of inorganic lead compounds in synthetic sweat to assess risk of dermal exposure. Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference (TRAC). Dayton, OH. April 26.

Niemeier, R.T., N. Hudson, A. Maier, and J. Reichard. 2023. Dissolution of inorganic lead (Pb) compounds in synthetic sweat to assess risk of dermal exposure. Society of Toxicology Annual Conference. Poster. Nashville, TN. March 22.

Niemeier, R.T., N. Hudson, A. Maier, and J. Reichard. 2022. Dissolution of inorganic lead (Pb) compounds in synthetic sweat to assess risk of dermal exposure. Society of Risk Analysis Annual Conference. Poster–Best Poster Award. Tampa, FL. December 5.

Niemeier, R.T. 2022. Update on COVID-19 activities at NIOSH and discussion of future collaboration. Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) annual conference. Virtual. June 20.

Niemeier, R.T. 2022. NIOSH mask and respirator research. CDC COVID-19 Hot Topics Session. Virtual. January 21.

Niemeier, R.T., A. Maier, and J.F. Reichard. 2022. Literature review and experimental studies to evaluate the bioaccessibility and dermal penetration of inorganic lead (Pb) compounds for occupational risk assessment. Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting. Virtual poster presentation. March 29.

Chosewood, C.L., K.H. Dunn, and R.T. Niemeier. 2020. Reopening America amidst COVID-19: Preparing your businesses for the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Total Worker Health Seminar Series. Webinar. Cincinnati, OH. June 25.

Pence, M. (Vice-President), J. Timmons, D. Brousell, and R.T. Niemeier. 2020. Presentation to the National Manufacturers Association on preparing your business for COVID 19. Webinar. Atlanta, GA. March 20.

Williams, P.R.D., A. Rossner, J. Clougherty, G. Rice, and R.T. Niemeier. 2019. Adopting a cumulative risk assessment perspective to support decision-making in the work environment. Society for Risk Analysis Annual Meeting. Arlington, VA. December 9–11.

Niemeier, R.T., and R. Tsai. 2019. Occupational take-home lead exposure. Federal Lead Action Plan Meeting. Bethesda, MD. December 4–5.

Pandalai, S.P., R.T. Niemeier, T.J. Lentz, J.A. Snawder, and P.A. Schute. 2019. A framework for comprehensive risk analysis approaches, interpretation, and use in occupational safety and health. Poster WDPI2019. Odense, Denmark. June 4–7.

Niemeier, R.T. 2019. Cumulative risk assessment: Integration of the occupational environment. AIHA Yuma Pacific-Southwest Section. San Diego, CA. January 25.

Niemeier, R.T., and A. Maier. 2018. Dermal penetration of lead nitrate through human cadaver skin using a Franz diffusion cell method. AIHce 2018. Poster. Philadelphia, PA. May 21.

Niemeier, R.T., L.C. Chosewood, P. Middendorf, and T.J. Lentz. 2018. Integrating NIOSH efforts to protect workers: Linking exposome, cumulative risk assessment, and total worker health. Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference. Poster. Cincinnati, OH. April 25.

Niemeier, R.T. 2018. Dermal penetration of inorganic lead. Division All-hands meeting. Cincinnati, OH. February 13.

Niemeier, R.T., L.C. Chosewood, P. Middendorf, and G.S. Dotson. 2017. Integrating NIOSH efforts to protect workers: Linking exposome, cumulative risk assessment, and total worker health. Society of Risk Analysis 2017. Poster. Arlington, VA. December 10–13, 2017.

Niemeier, R.T., and G.S. Dotson. 2015. A research vision for occupational based cumulative risk assessment. AIHce 2015: American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition, 2015. Salt Lake City, UT. May 30–June 4.

Ahrenholz, S., and R.T. Niemeier. 2015. Ventilation renovation disconnect. AIHce 2015: American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition, 2015. Poster. Salt Lake City, UT. May 30–June 4.

Niemeier, R.T., A. Hubbs, and K. Kreiss. 2015. GHS classifications for diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, and mixtures containing these chemicals. AIHce 2015: American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition. Poster. Salt Lake City, UT. May 30–June 4.

Niemeier, R.T. 2015. NIOSH efforts to refine an air lead standard. AOHC 2015: American Occupational Health Conference. Baltimore, MD. May 3–6.

Niemeier, R.T. 2015. Effective practices for non-healthcare businesses for addressing ebola and pandemic flu. Edison Electric Institute Spring Occupational Safety and Health Committee Conference. Pensacola, FL. April 28.

Niemeier, R.T., G.S. Dotson. 2015. Cumulative risk assessment: Bridging the gap between well-being and OSH. University of Cincinnati, Current Topics in Industrial Hygiene. Cincinnati, OH. February 27.

Niemeier, R.T. 2014. Overview of NIOSH Cumulative Risk Assessment Activities. AIHA Fall Conference 2014: American Industrial Hygiene Association Fall Conference. Arlington, VA. October 18–22.

Niemeier, R.T., and M.A. de Perio. 2014. An epidemiological investigation of a tuberculosis outbreak in a hospital. University of Cincinnati, Introduction to Epidemiology. November 14.

Niemeier, R.T., J. Gibbons, and M. de Perio. 2013. Evaluation of a marine mammal center—California. University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Environmental and Industrial Hygiene Graduate Program, Cincinnati, OH. January.

De Perio, M.A., J.D. Gibbins, and R.T. Niemeier. 2012. Campylobacter infection among employees at a poultry processing plant—Virginia, 2008–2011. Infectious Disease Society of America Conference. Poster. October.

De Perio, M.A., J.D. Gibbins, and R.T. Niemeier. 2012. Campylobacter infection among employees at a poultry processing plant- Virginia. EpiC Brown Bag Series. Cincinnati, OH. September.

Niemeier, R.T., J. Gibbons, and M. de Perio. 2012. Evaluation of a marine mammal center- California. DSHEFS Division meeting. Cincinnati, OH. July.

Niemeier, R.T., J. Gibbons, and M. de Perio. 2012. Evaluation of a marine mammal center—California. AIHce. Indianapolis, IN. June.

Niemeier, R.T., and C.H. Dowell. 2011. Bio-response operational testing and response study. DSHEFS Division meeting. Cincinnati, OH. October.

Niemeier, R.T. 2011. Overview of EU REACH. HETAB section meeting. Cincinnati, OH. August.

Niemeier, R.T. 2011. Tuberculosis (TB) evaluation of an elephant care facility, Tennessee. AIHce, Portland, OR. May.

Niemeier, R.T., and M. Kiefer. 2011. NIOSH evaluation of a large public hospital, Nassau, Bahamas. AIHce. Portland, OR. May.

Niemeier, R.T. 2011. An approach to a TB outbreak. Tuberculosis and Elephants. Science, Myth, and Beyond! Kansas City, MO. April.

Niemeier, R.T. 2010. NIOSH HHE of guidance for solid waste cleanup along the U.S.-Mexico Border. AIHce. Poster. Denver, CO. May.

De Perio, M.A., and R.T. Niemeier. 2010. Screening for latent tuberculosis infection among immigration facility employees—2009. Epidemiology Investigation Service National Conference. Atlanta, GA. April.

De Perio, M.A., and R.T. Niemeier. 2010. Screening for latent tuberculosis infection among immigration facility employees—2009. Epidemiology Investigation Service Regional Conference. Indianapolis, IN. March.

Niemeier, R.T. 2010. BOTE Objective 3—sampling strategies, resource. Department of Homeland Security. Washington, DC. February.

Niemeier, R.T., and M. Kiefer. 2010. Evaluation of a large public hospital, Nassau, Bahamas. DSHEFS meeting. Cincinnati, OH. January.

Niemeier, R.T., and M. Kiefer. 2009. Evaluation of a large public hospital, Nassau, Bahamas. HETAB section meeting. Cincinnati, OH. November.

Pittinger, C.A., A.D. Shelton, R.T. Niemeier, M.L. Langefeld, and A.N. Mylius. 2008. Data readiness for chemical hazard classification under REACH and GHS. 29th Annual North American Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. Tampa, FL. November.

Niemeier, R.T., S.A. Grinshpun, S.K. Sivasubramani, and T. Reponen. 2004. Comparison of different methods for assessment of fungal contamination in moldy homes. AIHce. Poster. Atlanta, GA. May.

DelBello, M.P., C.A. Soutullo, P. McDonough-Ryan, S. Gramman, R.T. Niemeier, K. Lake, S. McElroy, and S. Strakowski. 2000. Obstetrical complications in children at high risk for bipolar disorder. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Poster. Chicago, IL. June.

NIOSH. 2025. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value profile: Hydrogen chloride, CAS® No. 7647-01-0. Frank, E., S. Chittiboyina, M. Leshner, M. Edmondson, and R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2025-110 (Revised 06/2025).

NIOSH. 2025. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value profile: Hydrogen iodide, CAS® No. 10034-85-2. Frank ,E., S. Chittiboyina, M. Leshner, M. Edmondson, and R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2025-109 (Revised 06/2025).

NIOSH. 2025. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value profile: Hydrogen bromide, CAS® No. 10035-10-6. Frank, E., S. Chittiboyina, M. Leshner, M. Edmondson, and R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2025-108 (Revised 06/2025).

NIOSH. 2024. Draft hazard review: Wildland fire smoke exposure among farmworkers and other outdoor workers. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

IARC. 2024. IARC Monographs on the identification of carcinogenic hazards to humans: Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs during 2025–2029. Committee Member. International Agency for Research on Cancer.

National Response Team. 2023. Quick reference guide: Sulfur Mustard.

National Response Team. 2023. Quick reference guide: Mustard–lewisite mixture.

National Response Team. 2023. Quick reference guide: Lewisite.

NIOSH and Pennsylvania Association of Hazardous Materials Technicians. 2023. Personal protective equipment recommendations for response to chemical suicide incidents. Attwood, W.R., M. Kiederer, L. Greenawald, R.T. Niemeier, B. Lyons, C. Tantlinger, and S. Moore. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2023-129. https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHPUB2023139.

FEMA. 2022. Planning and decision framework for chemical incident consequence management. Chemical Incident Consequence Management Working Group (acknowledgment). Federal Emergency Management Agency.

National Response Team. 2022. Quick reference guide: Tabun (GA).

National Response Team. 2022. Quick reference guide: Sarin (GB).

National Response Team. 2022. Quick reference guide: Soman (GD).

National Response Team. 2022. Quick reference guide: Cyclosarin (GF).

National Response Team. 2022. Quick reference guide: VX.

NIOSH. 2020. Current intelligence bulletin 69: NIOSH practices in occupational risk assessment. Daniels, R.D., S.J. Gilbert, S.P. Kuppusamy, E.D. Kuempel, R.T. Niemeier, R.M. Park, S.P. Pandalai, R.J. Smith, M.W. Wheeler, C. Whittaker, and P.A. Schulte. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2020-106. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2020-106/pdfs/2020106revised032020.pdf?id=10.26616%2FNIOSHPUB2020106.

NIOSH. 2020. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value profile: Bromine trifluoride. R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication 2020–123. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2020-123/default.html.

NIOSH. 2020. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value profile: Chlorine trifluoride. Niemeier, R.T. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication 2020–124. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2020-124/.

NIOSH. 2020. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value profile: Ethylene dibromide. Niemeier, R.T. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication 2020–125. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2020-125/.

Chemical Hazards Emergency Medical Management. 2019. Fourth generation agents. https://chemm.nlm.nih.gov/nerveagents/FGA.htm.

Chemical Hazards Emergency Medical Management. 2019. Fourth generation agents: Safety reference guide. https://chemm.nlm.nih.gov/nerveagents/FGAReferenceGuide.htm.

Chemical Hazards Emergency Medical Management. 2019. Fourth generation agents: Hospital medical management guidelines. https://chemm.nlm.nih.gov/nerveagents/FGAMMGHospital.htm.

Chemical Hazards Emergency Medical Management. 2019. Fourth generation agents: Pre-hospital medical management guidelines. https://chemm.nlm.nih.gov/nerveagents/FGAMMGPrehospital.htm.

Chemical Hazards Emergency Medical Management. 2019. Fourth generation agents: Safety awareness for first on-scene responders. https://chemm.nlm.nih.gov/nerveagents/FGASafetyAwareness.htm.

NIOSH. 2017. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value profile: Chloroacetonitrile. Dotson, G.S., A. Maier, A. Parker, and L. Haber. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-201. (Technical/editorial reviewer).

NIOSH. 2017. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value profile: Nitrogen dioxide. Dotson, G.S., A. Maier, A. Parker, and L. Haber. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-202. (Technical/editorial reviewer).

NIOSH. 2017. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value profile: Acetonitrile. Dotson, G.S., A. Maier, A. Parker, and L. Haber. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-203. (Technical/editorial reviewer).

NIOSH. 2017. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value profile: Methacrylonitrile. Dotson, G.S., A. Maier, A. Parker, and L. Haber. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-204. (Technical/editorial reviewer).

NIOSH. 2017. NIOSH skin notation profile: Acrylic acid. Hudson, N.L., and G.S. Dotson. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-133. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2017. NIOSH skin notation profile: Dichlorvos. Hudson, N.L., and G.S. Dotson. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-134. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2017. NIOSH skin notation profile: Dioxathion. Hudson N.L., and G.S. Dotson. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-135. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2017. NIOSH skin notation profile: Ethyl p-nitrophenyl phenylphosphorothioate (EPN). Hudson N.L., and G.S. Dotson. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-136. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2017. NIOSH skin notation profile: Morpholine. Hudson N.L., and G.S. Dotson. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-137. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2017. Current intelligence bulletin 68: NIOSH chemical carcinogen policy. Whittaker C., F. Rice, L. McKernan, D. Dankovic, T.J. Lentz, K. MacMahon, E. Kuempel, R. Zumwalde, and P. Schulte, on behalf of the NIOSH Carcinogen and RELs Policy Update Committee. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2017-100. (Acknowledgment, additional contributor).

NIOSH. 2016. Criteria for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione. McKernan, L.T., R.T. Niemeier, K. Kreiss, A. Hubbs, R. Park, D. Dankovic, K.H. Dunn, J. Parker, K. Fedan, R. Streicher, J. Fedan, A. Garcia, C. Whittaker, S. Gilbert, F. Nourian, E. Galloway, R. Smith, T.J. Lentz, D. Hirst, J. Topmiller, and B. Curwin. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2016-111.

NIOSH. 2016. Criteria for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to 1-Bromopropane. Dotson, G.S., G.S. Earnest, D.V.L. Hirst, K. Mead, J. Snawder, K. Hanley, D. Dankovic, N. Hudson, B. Jacklitsch, R.T. Niemeier, S.P. Kuppusamy, T.J. Lentz, and C. Whitaker. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) (External Review DRAFT).

NIOSH. 2015. Health hazard evaluation report: evaluation of potential employee exposures to Mycobacterium tuberculosis at an elephant refuge. Niemeier, R.T., K. Mead, M.A. de Perio, S.B. Martin, and G.A. Burr. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HHE Report No. 2010-0080-3235.

NIOSH. 2015. Health hazard evaluation report: evaluation of indoor environmental quality in a college teaching and administrative building. Niemeier, R.T., E. Page, and G.A. Burr. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HHE Report No. 2013-0074-3229.

NIOSH. 2013. Best practices: engineering controls, work practices and exposure monitoring for occupational exposures to diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione. Dunn, K.H., L.T. McKernan, A. Garcia, and J.R. Couch. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication 2015-197 (Acknowledgment).

NIOSH. 2013. Health hazard evaluation report: Followback evaluation of lead and noise exposures at an indoor firing range. Ramsey, J.G., R.T. Niemeier, E. Page, L. Chen, and J. Choi. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2012-0065-3195.

NIOSH. 2013. Evaluation of employees’ exposures to lead and other chemicals at a police department. Fent, K.J., J. Gibbins, and R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2012-0083-3189.

NIOSH. 2013. Health hazard evaluation report: Evaluation of instructor and range officer exposure to emissions from weapons firing copper-based frangible ammunition at a partially enclosed firing range. Methner, M.M., J. Gibbin, R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2012-0091-3187.

NIOSH. 2013. Health hazard evaluation report: Evaluation of zoonotic disease exposures in persons working with marine mammals. Gibbins, J., R.T. Niemeier, M.A. de Perio, and C. Mueller. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2011-0105-3173.

NIOSH. 2013. Health hazard evaluation report: Tuberculosis evaluation at a hospital. Niemeier, R.T. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2010-0092-3188.

NIOSH. 2013. Health hazard evaluation report: Evaluation of exposure to tuberculosis among employees at a long-term care facility. de Perio, M.A., and R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2013-0137-3178.

NIOSH. 2012. Health hazard evaluation report: Campylobacter infection and exposures among employees at a poultry processing plant – Virginia. de Perio, M.A., J.D. Gibbins, and R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2011-00583157.

NIOSH. 2012. Health hazard evaluation report: Evaluation of exposure to tuberculosis among employees at a medical center  Arizona. De Perio, M.A., and R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2011-0137-3159.

NIOSH. 2011. Health hazard evaluation report: Evaluation of exposure to toluene, ethanol, and isopropanol at an electronics manufacturer—Ohio. Niemeier, R.T. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2009-0070-3137.

NIOSH. 2011. Health hazard evaluation report: Evaluation of lead exposure at an indoor firing range—California. Ramsey, J.G., and R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2008-0275-3146.

NIOSH. 2011. Health hazard evaluation report: Evaluation of health concerns in a public middle school—Virginia. Page, E., N. Burton, M. Kawamoto, and R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2010-0045-3129.

NIOSH. 2011. Health hazard evaluation report: Evaluation of respiratory protection practices for employees at federal immigration and customs agency workplaces—nationwide. De Perio, M.A., R.T. Niemeier, B.S. King, and C.A. Mueller. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2009-0184-3126.

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D). Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-155. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: 2-Butoxyethanol (BE). Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-152. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: 2-Ethoxyethanol (EE). Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-153. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Acrylamide. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011139. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Acrylonitrile. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-140. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Bisphenol A (BPA). Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-144. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Dinitrobenzene. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-141. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Dinitrotoluene. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-138. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Epichlorohydrin. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-142. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN). Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-143. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Formaldehyde/formalin. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-145. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Glutaraldehyde. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-149. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Hydrazine. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011146. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Hydrogen fluoride/hydrofluoric acid. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-137. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Methyl cellosolve. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-151. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Nitroglycerin. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-147. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Nonane. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011148. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: p-Phenylenediamine. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-151. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Phenol. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011156. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2011. NIOSH skin notation profiles: Sodium hydroxide. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication number 2011-150. (Reviewer/contributor).

NIOSH. 2010. Health hazard evaluation report: Evaluation of exposure to tuberculosis among immigration employees, Broadview and Chicago, IL. De Perio, M.A., and R.T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2009-0074; 2009-01933114.

NIOSH. 2009. Health hazard evaluation report: Evaluation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cases among employees at a work holding manufacturing facility, Cincinnati, OH. Gibbins, J., and T. Niemeier. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH HETA No. 2009-0098-3103.

Niemeier, R.T., J. Ramsey, and E. Page. 2015. Media interview with Seattle Times reporter on lead exposure in firing ranges. February.

Niemeier, R.T., and M. Kiefer. 2009. Radio interview on mold and indoor environmental quality. Bahamas Information Services, Nassau, Bahamas. October.

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