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Ernest Fung, Ph.D., DABT, ERT

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Ernest Fung, Ph.D., DABT, ERT
Principal, Toxicology, Health, and Ecological Sciences

Ernest Fung, Ph.D., DABT, ERT

Principal, Toxicology, Health, and Ecological Sciences (415) 787-6312 Irvine, CA efung@integral-corp.com

Dr. Ernest Fung is a board-certified toxicologist (DABT) and European Registered Toxicologist (ERT) with more than 10 years of professional experience in toxicology, exposure science, and human health risk assessment. As a consultant, he provides consulting support, directs toxicology testing, and provides expert testimony. His primary areas of practice include personal care and consumer products, medical devices, pharmaceuticals, and electronic cigarette safety. He has led multiple efforts related to understanding the toxicology and potential risk to human health in these areas. Dr. Fung has published more than 90 abstracts and peer-reviewed publications on various toxicology, environmental, and occupational and consumer health-related topics.

Can This Product Hurt Me? Assessing Health Risk in Certain Personal Care Products

Resource

August 06 2024

The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has released the final supplemental guidance for its Chronic Hazard Guidelines.

Press Release

April 25 2024

Comprehensive EHS Program Development for Pharmaceutical Startup

Case Study

November 19 2024

Pharmaceutical Risk and Toxicology

Determination of Health-Based Exposure Limits, United States Determined health-based exposure limits including occupational exposure limits, permissible daily exposure limits, acceptable daily intake values, and occupational exposure bands for active pharmaceutical ingredients, raw materials, inactive ingredients, and impurities in accordance with International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidance and industry best practices.
Review of Health-Based Exposure Limits, United States Reviewed health-based exposure limit documents to determine whether limit is determined according to appropriate guidance and is sufficiently protective of human health.
SDS Document Preparation, Worldwide Prepared safety data sheet (SDS) documents for individual compounds and mixtures for various jurisdictions worldwide.
Health Hazard Evaluation for Out of Specification Events, United States Prepared health hazard evaluation for out of specification events in pharmaceutical settings. Specifically, determined the amount of impurity, degradation product, or unintended active pharmaceutical ingredient present in a therapeutic, estimated patient exposure to the unintended compound, and conducted human health risk assessment to determine potential impact on patient health.
Microbial Contamination Hazard Identification and Risk Assessments, United States Conducted hazard identification assessments and microbial risk assessments related to microbial contamination identified in pharmaceutical settings.
Occupational Toxicology SOP Development, United States Developed occupational toxicology standard operating procedures (SOPs) related to derivation of health-based exposure limits, assignment of occupational exposure bands, handling practices for active pharmaceutical ingredients, and others.
Impurity Genotoxic Assessments, United States Determined genotoxic classification of pharmaceutical impurities. Specifically, evaluated available impurity empirical data and available read across information, and conducted quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) evaluations where necessary to determine genotoxic classification in accordance with ICH M7 (“Assessment and Control of DNA Reactive [Mutagenic] Impurities in Pharmaceuticals to Limit Potential Carcinogenic Risk”) guidance.
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Contamination of Dietary Supplement, United States Determined active pharmaceutical ingredient contamination levels in various dietary supplements. Estimated human exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredient resulting from consumption of contaminated dietary supplements. Evaluated risk of potential health effects resulting from consumption of contaminated dietary supplements.
Biocatalytic Enzyme Handling Framework, United States Developed framework for handling biocatalytic enzymes in occupational settings. Specifically, reviewed available literature on handling practices and health-based exposure limits of various biocatalytic enzymes and developed a framework to determine the appropriate exposure limits for different classes of biocatalytic enzymes.
Framework for Evaluating Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Degradation under Space Flight Conditions, United States Developed framework for evaluating active pharmaceutical ingredient degradation under space flight conditions. Specifically, reviewed and summarized literature.

Product Stewardship

Bovine Feed Additive Toxicity Characterization, United States Directed toxicity testing for bovine feed additive. Specifically, conducted genotoxicity testing and oral toxicity testing on bovine feed additive to determine potential impact to human health through consumption of milk from cows that consumed bovine feed additive.
Natural Cosmetic and Personal Care Product Ingredient Safety Evaluation, United States Evaluated natural cosmetic and personal care product ingredients to determine potential hazards and determined appropriateness for use in cosmetic and personal care products.
Surfactant Safety Evaluation, United States Evaluated various surfactants for different product applications. Specifically, prepared toxicity profile for various surfactants, estimated surfactant exposure to humans based on product application, and conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking with applicable health guidance values.
Nucleic Acid Dye Toxicity Evaluation, United States Evaluated nucleic acid dye for potential hazards through QSAR evaluation and applicable read across information. Estimated occupational and non-occupational exposures and conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking with applicable thresholds of toxicological concern.
Extractables and Leachables Safety Evaluation Directed extractables and leachables testing for various medical and nonmedical devices. Specifically, conducted extractables, simulated extraction, and leachables testing for various devices; analyzed extractables and leachables testing data; estimated exposure to extractables and leachables; and conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking to appropriate health guidance values.
Disperse Dye Toxicity Assessment, Europe Determined toxicity profile of various disperse dyes used in the clothing industry through available empirical data and applicable read across information.
Cosmetic and Personal Care Product Ingredient Safety Evaluation, United States Evaluated ingredients of cosmetic and personal care products to determine potential hazards and determined ingredient safe levels for different product types.
Electronic Cigarette PMTA Submissions, United States Characterized e-cigarette device and prepared Premarket Tobacco Product Application (PMTA) submissions to FDA for various clients. Specifically, characterized aerosol emissions from e-cigarette device, prepared toxicological profiles for relevant hazardous or potentially hazardous compounds, conducted extractable and leachable testing, conducted toxicological testing, and performed human health risk assessment to determine whether e-cigarette device is appropriate for the protection of public health.
Metal-on-Metal Hip Implant State-of-the-Art Review, United States Conducted a state-of-the-art review of metal-on-metal hip implant literature. Presented the history and evolution of metal-on-metal hip implants, summarized the clinical performance, and evaluated the adverse health effects in metal-on-metal hip implant patients.
Metal-on-Metal Hip Implant Wear Debris Characterization, United States Directed laboratory to produce metal-on-metal hip implant wear under normal and abnormal wear conditions. Characterized the amount, size, morphology, agglomeration, and chemical composition of wear particles.
Cardiomyopathy Risk from Metal-on-Metal Hip Implant, United States Reviewed and summarized available literature and case reports related to cardiomyopathy in metal-on-metal hip implant patients. Conducted analysis to determine cobalt levels in hip implant cardiomyopathy patients. Determined whether cobalt exposure resulting from normal hip implant wear is expected to cause cardiomyopathy.
Wearable Adhesive Safety Evaluation, United States Reviewed wearable adhesive curing procedure. Determined potential chemicals present resulting from incomplete curing and evaluated potential hazards of these chemicals.
Evaluate the Safety of Sunscreen Active Ingredients, United States Reviewed and summarized available toxicological clinical and nonclinical studies for various sunscreen active ingredients. Assigned reliability tier for reviewed studies. Prepared weight of the evidence conclusions for various toxicological endpoints.
PCB Contamination of Dietary Supplements, United States Determined PCB contamination levels in various dietary supplements. Estimated human exposure to PCBs resulting from consumption of contaminated dietary supplements. Evaluated potential health effects resulting from consumption of contaminated dietary supplements.
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Contamination of Pet Food, United States Estimated pet exposure to an active pharmaceutical ingredient through pet food consumption. Evaluated potential health effects resulting from consumption of contaminated pet food.

Human Health Risk Assessment

BPA in Plastic Container, Human Health Risk Assessment, United States Directed testing laboratory to determine bisphenol A (BPA) content wiped from a plastic container. Conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking potential dermal exposure to safe harbor level (Proposition 65).
Preservative Safety Evaluations, United States Determined toxicity profile for preservatives. Determined consumer exposure based on specific use scenarios. Conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking consumer exposure to appropriate health-based guidance values.
Cosmetic and Personal Care Product Safety Evaluation, United States Evaluated ingredients for potential hazards. Determined consumer exposure based on specific use scenarios. Conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking consumer exposure to appropriate health-based guidance values.
Multisurface Cleaner Safety Evaluation, United States Evaluated ingredients for potential hazards. Determined consumer exposure based on specific use scenarios. Conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking consumer exposure to appropriate health-based guidance values.
Hand Soap Safety Evaluation, United States Evaluated ingredients for potential hazards. Determined consumer exposure based on specific use scenarios. Conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking consumer exposure to appropriate health-based guidance values.
Bovine Feed Additive Human Health Risk Assessment, United States Determined human exposure to bromoform, iodine, and bromide from consumption of milk from cows fed a bovine feed additive. Conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking human exposure to appropriate health-based guidance values.
Chromium in Leather Products Human Health Risk Assessment, United States Directed testing laboratory to determine chromium content from various leather products. Conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking dermal exposures to safe harbor levels (Proposition 65).
1,4-Dioxane Safety Evaluation, United States Determined occupational and non-occupational exposures to 1,4-dioxane in a plaster product and conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking occupational and non-occupational exposures to safe harbor levels (Proposition 65).
BPA in Sunglasses Human Health Risk Assessment, United States Directed testing laboratory to determine absolute and leached BPA content from various sunglasses. Conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking dermal and hand-to-mouth exposures to safe harbor levels (Proposition 65).
BPA in Clothing Human Health Risk Assessments, United States Directed testing laboratory to determine absolute and leached BPA content from various items of clothing. Conducted human health risk assessment by benchmarking dermal and hand-to-mouth exposures to safe harbor levels (Proposition 65).
Hair Dye Ingredients Human Health Risk Assessment, United States Determined exposure to carcinogenic ingredients in hair dye and evaluated whether an increased risk of cancer results from consumer exposure.
Risk Assessment on Chlorinated Substances Exposure, United States Estimated exposure and evaluated human health risk from exposure to chlorinated substances in mobile homes following groundwater vapor intrusion.

Litigation Support

Expert Witness for Plastic Container BPA Case, United States Retained by client in litigation matter related to plastic container product. Prepared expert report.
Expert Witness for Shampoo Preservative Cases, United States Retained by client in litigation matters related to shampoo product. Prepared expert report and testified in deposition.
Expert Witness for Shampoo Preservative Cases, Canada Retained by client in litigation matters related to shampoo product. Prepared expert report.
Technical Support for Asbestos and Talc Litigation, United States Provided technical support to various expert witnesses in various asbestos and talc litigation cases.
Technical Support for Alcohol-Related Litigation, United States Provided technical support to expert witnesses in alcohol litigation cases.

Training

Pharmaceutical Risk Assessment Training, United States Conducted various pharmaceutical risk assessment trainings for different clients with focus on occupational toxicology and health-based exposure limit determination.
Medical Devices Risk Assessment Training, United States Conducted risk assessment training for medical device client with focus on requirements from ISO-10993 guidance.

Fung, E.S., J.A. Parker, and A.D. Monnot. 2023.Evaluating the impact of hair care product exposure on hair follicle and scalp health. Altern. Lab. Anim. 51(5):323–334. doi:10.1177/02611929231190863.

More, S.L., E.S. Fung, C. Mathis, A.M. Schulte, and D. Hollins. 2023. Dermal exposure and hair dye: Assessing potential bladder cancer risk from permanent hair dye. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 138:105331. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105331.

Stewart, C.K., J. Parker, R. Hwang, M. Vincent, and E. Fung. 2023. Quantitative risk assessment of dermal sensitization potential following use of shampoo products containing the formaldehyde releasing preservative DMDM hydantoin. Int. J. Toxicol. 42(4):326–333. doi: 10.1177/10915818231174429.

Fung, E.S., J.A. Parker, A.M. Powell, and A. Maier. 2022. Estimating inhalation bioavailability for peptides and proteins 1 to 10 kDa in size. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 137:105314. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105314.

Jolly, R.A., S. Bandara, J. Bercu, C.M. Callis, D.G. Dolan, J. Graham, … and E.S. Fung. 2022. Setting impurity limits for endogenous substances: Recommendations for a harmonized procedure and an example using fatty acids. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 134:105242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105242.

Parker, J.A., E.S. Fung, A. Trejo-Martin, L. Liang, K. Gibbs, S. Bandara, … and A. Maier. 2022. The utility of hERG channel inhibition data in the derivation of occupational exposure limits. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 134:105224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105224.

Steimel, K.G., R. Hwang, D. Dinh, M.T. Donnell, S. More, and E. Fung. 2022. Evaluation of chemicals leached from PET and recycled PET containers into beverages. Reviews on Environmental Health. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0183.

Bandara, S.B., A. Urban, L.G. Liang, J. Parker, E. Fung, and A. Maier. 2021. Active pharmaceutical contaminants in dietary supplements: A tier-based risk assessment approach. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 123:104955. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104955.

Massarsky, A., J.A. Parker, M.T. Donnell, E.S. Fung, and K.M. Unice. 2021. Critical evaluation of toxCast-reactome predicted toxicity pathway correspondence of the human liver HepG2 activity profile with observed PFOA and PFOS hazards. Computational Toxicology 21:100212. doi: 10.1016/j.comtox.2021.100212.

Monnot, A.D., E.S. Fung, G.S. Compoginis, and K.M. Towle. 2021. An evaluation of the FDA adverse event reporting system and the potential for reporting bias. J. Cosmet. Dermatol. 20(6):1849–1854. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14065.

Parker, J.A., C. Boles, A. Buerger, E.S. Fung, and A. Maier. 2021. Derivation of an occupational exposure limit for β-glucans. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 123:104959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104959.

Cheng, T.J., S.L. More, M.A. Maddaloni, and E.S. Fung. 2020. Evaluation of potential gastrointestinal carcinogenicity associated with the ingestion of asbestos. Reviews on Environmental Health. 36(1):15–26. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0061.

Fung, E.S., K.M. Towle, and A.D. Monnot. 2020. Devising a tier-based skin sensitization screening strategy for personal care and cosmetic products. ATLA 48(2):70–77.

Monnot, A.D., K.M. Towle, S.S. Ahmed, A.M. Dickinson, and E.S. Fung. 2020. An in vitro human assay for evaluating immunogenic and sensitization potential of a personal care and cosmetic product. Toxicol. Mech. Method 31(3):205–211. doi: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1868640.

More, S.L., S.A. Thornton, J.R. Maskrey, A. Sharma, E. de Gandiaga, T.J. Cheng, E.S. Fung, A.J. Bernal, and A.K. Madl. 2020. PBPK modeling characterization of potential acute impairment effects from inhalation of ethanol during e-cigarette use. Inhal. Toxicol. 32(1):4–23. doi: 10.1080/08958378.2020.1720867.

Towle, K.M., R.Y. Hwang, E.S. Fung, D.M. Hollins, and A.D. Monnot. 2020. Hair dye and risk of skin sensitization induction: A product survey and quantitative assessment for para-phenylenediamine (PPD). Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol. 39(4):311–316. doi: 10.1080/15569527.2020.1802740.

Monnot, A.D., K.M. Towle, E.M. Warshaw, E.S. Fung, R.M. Novick, D.J. Paustenbach, and D.A. Drechsel. 2019. Skin sensitization induction risk assessment of common ingredients in commercially available cleansing conditioners. Dermatitis April 2019:116–128. http://doi.org/10.1097/DER.0000000000000445.

Towle, K.M., E.S. Fung, and A.D. Monnot. 2019. Phototoxicity evaluation of hair cleansing conditioners. Cosmetics 6(3):53.

Drechsel, D.A., K.M. Towle, E.S. Fung, R.M. Novick, D.J. Paustenbach, and A.D. Monnot. 2018. Skin sensitization induction potential from daily exposure to fragrances in personal care products. Dermatitis 29(6):324–331. doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000412.

Drechsel, D., K. Towle, E. Fung, R. Novick, D. Paustenbach, and A. Monnot. 2018. Chemical stability analysis of hair cleansing conditioners under high-heat conditions experienced during hair styling processes. Cosmetics 5 (1):23.

Fung, E., D. Drechsel, K. Towle, M. Hoang, R. Novick, C. Poteete, D. Paustenbach, and A. Monnot. 2018. Screening-level safety assessment of personal care product constituents using publicly available data. Cosmetics 5(2):38. doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics5020038.

Fung, E.S., R.M. Novick, D.A. Drechsel, K.M. Towle, D.J. Paustenbach, and A.D. Monnot. 2018. Tier-based skin irritation testing of hair cleansing conditioners and their constituents. Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol. 38(1):44–47. doi: 10.1080/15569527.2018.1512610.

Fung, E.S., K.M. Unice, D.J. Paustenbach, B.L. Finley, and M. Kovochich. 2018. Methods for sterilizing clinically relevant wear particles isolated from metal-on-metal hip implants. Scientific Reports 8(1):2384.

Kovochich, M., B.L. Finley, R. Novick, A.D. Monnot, E. Donovan, K.M. Unice, E.S. Fung, D. Fung, and D.J. Paustenbach. 2018. Understanding outcomes and toxicological aspects of second-generation metal-on-metal hip implants: A state-of-the-art review. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 48(10):853–901. doi: 10.1080/10408444.2018.1563048.

Kovochich, M., E.S. Fung, E. Donovan, K.M. Unice, D.J. Paustenbach, and B.L. Finley. 2018. Characterization of wear debris from metal‐on‐metal hip implants during normal wear versus edge‐loading conditions. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 106(3):986–996. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.33902.

Towle, K.M., D.A. Drechsel, E.M. Warshaw, E.S. Fung, R.M. Novick, D.J. Paustenbach, and A.D. Monnot. 2018. A quantitative risk assessment of the skin sensitization induction potential of the Kathon CG preservative in rinse-off and leave-on personal care and cosmetic products. Dermatitis 29(3):132–138. doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000359.

Fung, E.S., A. Monnot, M. Kovochich, K.M. Unice, B.E. Tvermoes, D. Galbraith, B.L. Finley, and D.J. Paustenbach. 2017. Characteristics of cobalt-related cardiomyopathy in metal hip implant patients: An evaluation of 15 published reports. Cardiovasc. Toxicol. 18:206–220. doi: 10.1007/s12012-017-9433-z.

Cowan, D.M., J.R. Maskrey, E.S. Fung, T.A. Woods, L.M. Stabryla, P.K. Scott, and B.L. Finley. 2016. Best-practices approach to determination of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) at specific time points: Combination of ante-mortem alcohol pharmacokinetic modeling and post-mortem alcohol generation and transport considerations. Regul. Toxicol. Pharm. (78):24–36. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.03.020.

Tvermoes, B.E., K.M. Unice, B. Winans, M. Kovochich, W.V. Christian, E. Donovan, E.S. Fung, B.L. Finley, I. Kimber, and D.J. Paustenbach. 2016. A preliminary evaluation of immune stimulation following exposure to metal particles and ions using the mouse popliteal lymph node assay. Toxicol. Appl. Pharm. 308(2):77–90. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2016.07.020.

Watanabe, M., E.S. Fung, F.B. Chan, J.S. Wong, M. Coutts, and E.S. Monuki. 2016. BMP4 acts as a dorsal telencephalic morphogen in a mouse embryonic stem cell culture system. Biol. Open 5(12):1834–1843. doi: 10.1242/bio.012021.

Winans, B., B.E. Tvermoes, K.M. Unice, M. Kovochich, E.S. Fung, W.V. Christian, E. Donovan, B.L. Finley, I. Kimber, and D.J. Paustenbach. 2016. Data on the histological and immune cell response in the popliteal lymph node in mice following exposure to metal particles and ions. Data in Brief 9:388–397. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.08.037.

Hong, T., E.S. Fung, L. Zhang, G. Huynh, E.S. Monuki, and O. Nie. 2015. Semi-adaptive response and noise attenuation in bone morphogenetic protein signaling. J. Roy. Soc. Interface 12(107):20150258. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2015.0258.

Srinivasan, S., J.S. Hu, D.S. Currle, E.S. Fung, W.B. Hayes, A.D. Lander, and E.S. Monuki. 2014. A BMP-FGF morphogen toggle switch drives the ultrasensitive expression of multiple genes in the developing forebrain. PLOS Computational Biology 10(2), e1003463. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003463.

Zhu, C., C. Solorzano, S. Sahar, N. Realini, E. Fung, P. Sassone-Corsi, and D. Piomelli. 2011. Proinflammatory stimuli control N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D expression in macrophages. Mol. Pharmacol. 79(4), 786–792. doi: 10.1124/mol.110.070201.

Fung, E., C. Callis, L. Cooper, R. Jolly, M. Willming, A. Conway, and A. Maier. 2025. Determining a class-specific parenteral acceptable daily limit for sugar derivatives. Poster Presentation M645 at the Society of Toxicology 64th Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL. March 16–20.

Fung, E., C. Callis, L. Cooper, R. Jolly, M. Hernandez, E. Vancza, and A. Maier. 2025. Impact of point of departure selection on HBEL determination when biochemistry ≠ pharmacology. Poster Presentation M649 at the Society of Toxicology 64th Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL. March 16–20.

Ierardi, A. M., C. Hamaji, A. Maier, and E. Fung. 2025. Comparison of three approaches to the derivation of acceptable surface limits for various chemicals. Poster Presentation D231 at the Society of Toxicology 64th Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL. March 16–20.

Hamaji, C., C. Reagh, and E. Fung. 2025. A risk assessment of common aerosol hairspray ingredients and potential for systemic toxicity under home and salon use scenarios. Poster Presentation L608 at the Society of Toxicology 64th Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL. March 16–20.

Kozal, J., and E. Fung. 2025. Evaluation of potential human cancer risk associated with exposure to bromoform through consumption of milk from dairy cows fed Asparagopsis as an anti-methanogenic feed additive. Poster Presentation L603 at the Society of Toxicology 64th Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL. March 16–20.

Cooper, L., C. Callis, E. Fung, J. Parker, A. Buerger, S. Bandara, A. Maier, and R. Jolly. 2024. Framework for setting health-based exposure limits for amino acids in a pharmaceutical setting. Poster Presentation PS3017 at the Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT. March 10–14.

Fung, E., R. Jolly, L. Cooper, J. Parker, A. Buerger, A. Maier, and C. Callis. 2024. Framework for determining ADE values for substituted saturated fatty acids observed as extractables. Poster Presentation PS3600 at the Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT. March 10–14.

Steimel, K., L. Yang, and E. Fung. 2024. Evaluating potential systemic health risk associated with nickel-containing tattoo ink.  Poster Presentation PS3601 at the Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT. March 10–14.

Brown, V., K. Steimel, L. Yang, and E. Fung. 2024. Evaluating skin sensitization induction potential from nickel in tattoo ink. Poster Presentation PS3609 at the Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT. March 10–14.

Kundu, P., K. Steimel, M. Kreider, S. More, and E. Fung. 2024. Assessing sensitization induction potential associated with dermal exposure to formaldehyde in consumer hair relaxers.  Poster Presentation PS3627 at the Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT. March 10–14.

Reichard, J.F., A. Massarsky, V. Brown, E. Fung, L. Yang, K. Rogers, A. Buerger, and A. Maier. 2024. A framework approach for evaluation of potential degradation of active pharmaceutical ingredients for long-duration spaceflight. Poster Presentation PS3648 at the Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT. March 10–14.

Schulte, A., K. Chen, S. More, and E. Fung. 2023. Evaluating the reproductive toxicological potential from dermal exposure to butylphenyl methylpropional, a popular fragrant chemical. Poster Presentation P357 at the Society of Toxicology 62nd Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN. March 19–23.

Chen, K., A. Schulte, C. Steward, K. Steimel, S. More, E. Fung, and J. Parker. 2023. Evaluating the potential for dermal sensitization following exposure to butylphenyl methylpropional in rinse-off and leave-in haircare products. Poster Presentation P355 at the Society of Toxicology 62nd Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN, March 19–23.

Kundu, P., S. More, K. Steimel, and E. Fung. 2023. Assessing potential cancer risk associated with dermal exposure to formaldehyde in consumer hair relaxers. Poster Presentation P356 at the Society of Toxicology 62nd Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN, March 19–23.

More, S., J. Parker, V. Brown, and E. Fung. 2023. Skin sensitization quantitative risk assessment of the preservatives phenoxyethanol and ethylhexylglycerin in shampoo products. Poster Presentation P333 at the Society of Toxicology 62nd Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN, March 19–23.

Yang, L., J. Parker, S. Bandara, E. Fung, and A. Maier. 2023. Risk assessment framework to evaluate persistent organic pollutant contaminations in dietary supplements. Poster Presentation P415 at the Society of Toxicology 62nd Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN, March 19–23.

Fung, E., A. Massarsky, and A. Maier. 2023. In silico occupational exposure banding framework for data-poor compounds in biotechnology. Poster Presentation P598 at the Society of Toxicology 62nd Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN, March 19–23.

More, S., E. Fung, A. Schulte, K. Steimel, K. Unice, and M. Kovochich. 2023. Weight-of-evidence approach for benefit-risk assessment of CMR substance use in medical devices. Poster Presentation P287 at the Society of Toxicology 62nd Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN, March 19–23.

Maier, A., and E. Fung. 2022. Determining occupational hazard control categories for biocatalytic enzymes. Toxicologist 186(S1):51. Abstract 1252. Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, San Diego, CA, March 27–31.

More, S., J.A. Parker, E. Encina, K. Gibbs, and E.S. Fung. 2022. Evaluating potential human exposure to bisphenol a in eyeglasses via hand-to-mouth contact. Toxicologist 186(S1):287. Abstract 3975. Poster Presentation P666 at the Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting & ToxExpo, San Diego, CA.

Stewart, C., J.A. Parker, R. Hwang, M. Vincent, and E.S. Fung. 2022. Quantitative risk assessment of skin sensitization elicitation following use of shampoo products containing formaldehyde-releasing preservative DMDM hydantoin.  Toxicologist 186(S1):148. Abstract 3330. Poster Presentation P519 at the Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting & ToxExpo, San Diego, CA.

Jolly, R.A., S. Bandara, J. Bercu, C.M. Callis, D.G. Dolan, J. Graham, D, HaMai, E.L. Barle, A. Maier, M. Masuda-Herrara, C. Moudgal, J.A. Parker, J. Reichard, R. Sandhu, and E.S. Fung. 2022. Setting impurity limits for endogenous substances: Recommendations for a harmonized procedure and an example using fatty acids. Poster Presentation P200 at the American College of Toxicology 43rd Annual Meeting, Denver, CO.

Parker, J.A., E.S. Fung, A.N. Buerger, and A. Maier. 2022. Key considerations for the derivation of occupational exposure limits for highly potent controlled substances.  Toxicologist 186(S1):269. Abstract 3895. Poster Presentation P572 at the Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting & ToxExpo, San Diego, CA.

Gibbs, K., R. Hwang, D. Dinh, M. Donnell, S. More, and E. Fung. 2022. Critical evaluation of chemicals leached from PET and recycled PET beverage containers into beverages. Toxicologist 186(S1):427. Abstract 4622. Poster Presentation P659 at the Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting & ToxExpo, San Diego, CA.

Mathis, C., E. Fung, and S. More. 2022. Assessing potential bladder cancer risk associated with dermal exposure to 4-aminobiphenyll in consumer hair dyes.  Toxicologist 186(S1):267. Abstract 3883. Poster Presentation P560 at the Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting & ToxExpo, San Diego, CA.

Fung, E., J. Parker, A. Powell, and A. Maier. 2022. Estimating inhalation bioavailability for small peptide sequences 1 to 10xDa in size. Toxicologist 186(S1):450. Abstract 4732.WQ. Poster Presentation P786 at the Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting & ToxExpo, San Diego, CA.

Fung, E., A. Buerger, J. Parker, C. Boles, M. Masuda-Herrera, A. Trejo-Martin, A. Maier, and J. Bercu. 2021. Determining occupational hazard control categories for biocatalytic enzymes. Poster presentation P203 at the American College of Toxicology 42nd Annual Meeting, Virtual.

Buerger, A., C. Boles, J. Reichard, E.S. Fung, C. Dahm, K. Schmid, H. Freitag, and M.A. Maier. 2021. A framework for establishing occupational exposure limits for medicinal enzymes. Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 60th Annual Meeting, Virtual.

Bandara, S.B., L.G. Liang, J. Parker, E.S. Fung, A. Urban, and M.A. Maier. 2021. Active pharmaceutical contaminants in dietary supplements: A tier-based risk assessment. Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 60th Annual Meeting, Virtual.

More, S.L., J. Parker, C. Mathis, E. Encina, B. Finley, E.S. Fung. 2021. Quantitative risk assessment of skin sensitization induction from hexavalent chromium in leather consumer products. Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 60th Annual Meeting, Virtual.

Parker, A.J., C. Boles, A. Buerger, E.S. Fung, and M.A. Maier. 2021. Derivation of an occupational exposure limit for β-glucans.  Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 60th Annual Meeting, Virtual.

Fung, E.S., J. Parker, and A. Monnot. 2021. Impact of personal care product exposure on hair follicle health. Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 60th Annual Meeting, Virtual.

Parker, J.A., K.M. Towle, A.D. Monnot, and E.S. Fung. 2020. Effect of exposure to commercial hair care products on primary human hair follicle dermal papilla cells. Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Monnot, A.D., E.S. Fung, and K. Towle. 2020. Proposed tier-based safety evaluation for personal care and cosmetic products.  Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Massarsky, A., J.A. Parker, M.T. Hoang, E.S. Fung, and K.M. Unice. 2020. Using ToxCast and Reactome to evaluate toxicity of PFAS. Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Louie, F., K.M. Towle, E.S. Fung, L.G. Yang, J.S. Kozal, L.C. Garnick, and A.D. Monnot. 2020. A tiered skin irritation safety assessment of a face cream product. Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Hoang, M.T., K.M. Towle, A.D. Monnot, and E.S. Fung. 2020. Call for a multi-product testing strategy to evaluate potential adverse dermal effects. Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Fung, E.S., K.M. Towle, M.T. Hoang, and A.D. Monnot. 2020. A skin sensitization risk assessment framework for evaluation of metal contamination in personal care products.  Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Towle, K., E.S. Fung, J. Parker, and A. Monnot. 2020. A survey and quantitative risk assessment of PFAS chemicals in hair care products. Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Bandara, S.B., J.A. Parker, L.G. Liang, S. Chen, A. Maier, and E.S. Fung. 2020. The utility of hERG inhibition data in the derivation of pharmaceutical occupational exposure limits.  Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Urban, A., K. Towle, E.S. Fung, and A. Monnot. 2020. A risk assessment of the skin sensitization induction potential of personal care product preservatives ethylhexylglycerin and phenoxyethanol. Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Towle, K., R. Hwang, E. Fung, D. Hollins, and A. Monnot. 2020. Hair dye and risk of skin sensitization induction: A product survey and quantitative risk assessment for para-phenylenediamine (PPD). Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Register, C., K.M. Towle, E.S. Fung, and A.D. Monnot. 2020. Evaluation of hair breakage following repeated grooming of a personal and care cosmetic product.  Poster presentation at Society of Toxicology 59th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.

Thornton, S.A., S.L. More, J.R. Maskrey, E.J. de Gandiaga, T.J. Cheng, A. Sharma, E.S. Fung, A.J. Bernal, and A.K. Madl. 2019. PBPK modeling characterization of potential acute impairment effects from inhalation of ethanol during e-cigarette use. Poster presentation at the Allegheny-Erie Society of Toxicology Regional Chapter Meeting, Pittsburgh, PA.

Monnot, A.D., S. Ahmed, A. Dickinson, D. Drechsel, K. Towle, D. Paustenbach, and E. Fung. 2019. An in vitro human assay for evaluating immunogenic and sensitization potential of personal care and cosmetic products.  Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 58th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.

Benson, S.M., A. Bowman, K. Keeton, R. Reid, E. Fung, and N. Egnot. 2019. The risk of lung cancer due to occupational exposure to talc: A meta-analysis of miners and millers.  Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 58th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.

More, S.L., S. Thornton, A. Sharma, J. Maskrey, E. Fung, E. de Gandiaga, T. Cheng, A. Madl, and A. Bernal. 2019. Characterization of acute impairment effects from inhalation of ethanol during e-cigarette use. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 58th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.

Fung, E.S., D. Drechsel, K. Towle, D. Paustenbach, and A. Monnot. 2019. A tier-based skin sensitization testing strategy for personal care products.  Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 58th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.

Drechsel, D.A., E. Fung, K. Towle, D. Paustenbach, and A. Monnot. 2019. Evaluating the phototoxic potential of a hair cleansing conditioner. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 58th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.

Towle, K.M., D. Drechsel, E. Fung, D. Paustenbach, and A. Monnot. 2019. Examination of the FDA adverse event reporting system to assess the halo effect and potential reporting bias. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 58th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.

Mahoney, S.L., T.J. Cheng, E.S. Fung, and A.L. Perez. 2018. Evaluation of potential health risks associated with the ingestion of asbestos. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX.

Monnot, A.D., K.M. Towle, D. Drechsel, E. Fung, D. Paustenbach, and A. Riordan. 2018. Reporting effects analysis of WEN by Chaz Dean, Inc. cleansing conditioner: Examination of the FDA adverse event reporting system. Poster presentation at the Society for Epidemiologic Research 51st Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.

Fung, E.S., R. Novick, D. Drechsel, K. Towel, D.J. Paustenbach, and A.M. Monnot. 2018. Tier-based safety testing of common personal care products and their constituents. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology  57th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX.

Kovochich, M., E.S. Fung, S. Mahoney, K.M. Unice, D. Fung, D.J. Paustenbach, and B.L. Finley. 2018. Characterizing cytotoxic and inflammatory responses to metal-on-metal wear debris from normal versus edge-loading conditions. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX.

Novick, R., K.M. Towle, D. Drechsel, E. Fung, D. Paustenbach, and A.D. Monnot. Dermal irritation hazard assessment of ingredients in Wen cleansing conditioner products. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX.

Hoang, M.E., D. Fung, K.M. Drechsel, C. Towle, D. Poteete, D. Paustenbach, and A.D. Monnot. 2018. Screening-level safety assessment of personal care product constituent safety using publicly available data. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX.

Drechsel, D., K.M. Towle, E. Fung, R. Novick, D. Paustenbach, and A.D. Monnot. 2018. An evaluation of skin sensitization induction from daily exposure to fragrances in person care products.  Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX.

Monnot, A.D., K.M. Towle, R. Novick, E. Fung, D. Paustenbach, and D. Drechsel. 2018. A skin sensitization risk assessment of common ingredients present in commercially available cleansing conditioners.  Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX.

Drechsel, D., R. Novick, E.S. Fung, K. Towel, D.J. Paustenbach, and A.M. Monnot. 2018. Chemical stability of a cleansing conditioner product under high-heat conditions experienced during consumer use. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX.

Towle, K.M., D. Drechsel, E. Fung, R. Novick, D. Paustenbach, and A.D. Monnot. 2018. An evaluation of skin sensitization from daily exposure to preservatives in personal care products. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX.

Towle, K., S. Seghal, D. Drechsel, E. Fung, N. Jacobs, and A. Monnot. 2018. A quantitative risk assessment of daily exposure to the cosmetic preservative Kathon CG via use of personal care products: Utilization of the IH SkinPerm model. Poster presentation at the 2018 American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Expo, Philadelphia, PA.

Fung, E.S., A.D. Monnot, B.E. Tvermoes, K.M. Unice, M. Kovochich, D. Galbraith, B.L. Finley, and D.J. Paustenbach. 2017. Characteristics of cobalt related cardiomyopathy in metal hip implant patients. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 56th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.

Kovochich, M., E.S. Fung, E. Donovan, K.M. Unice, D.J. Paustenbach, and B.L. Finley. 2017. Characterization of wear debris from metal-on-metal hip implants during normal wear versus edge loading conditions. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 56th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.

Fung, E.S., M. Kovochich, D.M. Cowan, and A.K. Madl. 2016. Threshold for the interactive effects of cigarette smoke and asbestos exposure for the risk of lung cancer. Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 55th Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA.

Cowan, D.M., J.R. Maskrey, E. Fung, T. Woods, L. Stabryla, P.K. Scott, and B.L. Finley. 2015. Evaluation of empirically-based PBPK modeling approaches for modeling ante- and postmortem ethanol concentrations in biological matrices.  Poster presentation at the Society of Toxicology 54th Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA.

Fung, E.S., L.T. Doan, J.S. Hu, D.T. Truong, H.H. Jun, R.M. Pham, K. Pourhosseini, and E.S. Monuki. 2013. Disruption of BMP-FGF mutual inhibition leads to developmental delay and abnormal border formation in the developing telencephalon. Neuroscience Meeting Planner, Society for Neuroscience, New Orleans, LA.

Fung, E.S., L.T. Doan, J.S. Hu, D.T. Truong, H.H. Jun, and E.S. Monuki. 2012. BMP-FGF mutual inhibition during dorsal telencephalic development involves slow FGF-mediated inhibition. Neuroscience Meeting Planner, Society for Neuroscience, San Diego, LA.

Fung, E. Chemical Contamination of Dietary Supplements. Food and Drug Law Institute – Food and Dietary Supplement Safety and Regulation Conference, Washington, DC, 2023.

Fung, E. Estimating Inhalation Bioavailability for Peptides and Proteins 1 to 10 kDa in Size. Occupational Toxicology Roundtable, Cleveland, OH, 2023.

Callis, C., and E. Fung. ADE Values for Substituted Fatty Acids Observed as Extractables. Occupational Toxicology Roundtable, Cleveland, OH, 2023.

Fung, E., R. Jolly, and S. Bandara. Setting HBELs using data from uncommon routes of administration. American College of Toxicology. Orlando, FL, 2023.

Jolly, R., and E. Fung. Limits for Endogenous Substances – Should There Be a Default? Occupational Toxicology Roundtable, Colorado Springs, CO, 2022.

Fung, E. OEBs and OELs for Data Poor Compounds. Occupational Toxicology Roundtable, Colorado Springs, CO, 2022.

Fung, E. Is BPA in Clothing a Risk to Human Health?” PSX, Louisville, KY, 2022.

Fung, E. Customization: The Key to Best Practices and Unique Approaches When Evaluating Consumer Product Safety. International Consumer Product Health and Safety Organization, Virtual, 2021.

Fung, E. Determining Occupational Hazard Control Categories for Biocatalytic Enzymes. Occupational Toxicology Roundtable, Virtual, 2021.

Fung, E. Building a Screening-Level Safety Assessment Toolbox. PSX, Virtual, 2021.

Fung, E. The Utility of In Vitro and In Silico hERG channel Data in the Derivation of Pharmaceutical OELs. Occupational Toxicology Roundtable, Virtual, 2020.

Fung, E. Hazard ≠ Risk – The Cardno ChemRisk Strategy. PSX, Virtual, 2020.

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